Under Rule 8(c), affirmative defenses must be pleaded in the Answer to provide notice.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Not required
• D. Optional

Answer: (A)

Affirmative defenses bring in new facts that defeat or mitigate the claim, not just deny the plaintiff’s allegations. Rule 8(c) requires pleading any such defense in the Answer to give the other side notice and allow the court to assess them early in the case. If an affirmative defense isn’t pleaded, it’s typically waived and cannot be raised later at trial. So stating that affirmative defenses must be pleaded in the Answer to provide notice is correct.